|

The flip-flop outputs
change state on the
positive going edges of
the clock input pulses.
Looking at the diagram
below, at the start on
the left, ABCD are all
high, 1111, equivalent
to decimal 15.
After clock pulse 1, A
has gone low giving
1110, the equivalent of
decimal 14.
After clock pulse 2, the
count is 1101, decimal
13.
After 8 pulses the count
is 0111, decimal
7. 15-8 = 7
After 15 pulses the
count will be 0000.
On the next pulse the
counter will indicate
1111.

|